a. virtue b. happiness c. pleasure d. knowledge. This week we explore final ethical theory in this unit: Aristotle’s virtue theory. It is considered synonymous to the term teleute (end), particularly in Aristotle's discourse about the plot-structure in Poetics. “to us [hēmin]” and (b.) What does Aristotle identify as the chief good? Actually behaving according to the virtues, however, is not itself a virtue but rather the energeia of happiness. In Aristotle’s view of politics, he emphasise the city state (the Polis) rather than the national state. ), the most important thinker who has ever lived, advanced a body of thought with respect to the development of the components of a market economy. Aristotle, Politics (B1): vs. two common opinions Ch.1 “Statesman, king, household manager, and master of slaves” are the same kind of rulers”. The Aristotelian Ethics all aim to begin with approximate but uncontroversial starting points. Thus human beings always generate human beings, pigs always pigs, dogs always dogs, and so on. Believes that polis exists before family. Aristotle does not mean only legislators and governments, although he will discuss these specifically in Books 5 and 8. These needs are not necessarily material or economic needs, but also moral needs. Because he believed that only the city state could allow citizens being able to share their every voice (face to face) can be heard for their ‘happiness’. Hank explains the Golden Mean, and how it exists as the midpoint between vices of excess and deficiency. Aristotle, Politics (B1): vs. two common opinions Ch.1 “Statesman, king, household manager, and master of slaves” are the same kind of rulers”. The word telos means something like purpose, or goal, or final end. What concept is key to Aristotle's theory? The only difference being that they rule over either “few” or “many”. The Aristotle’s understanding of politics is that politics can make human beings are able to reach ‘telos’ or ‘eudaimonia’, which is considered as the highest human goal. Aristotle's starting point. Telos has been consistently used in Aristotle's writing several times to denote "goal". So, that is all part of their telos. And, if we are being honest with ourselves, modern states far surpass the ancient polis in size and differ from it in quality (it is doubtful that the state is even a community [koinōnia] as Aristotle understood the term). The telos of Aristotle's philosophy was a peaceful and political community. The end … He means the way human beings relate to one another, in a nation or national group (ethnos), in a city (polis), and in a family unit (oikos). This relates to the process and foundation of classification . In the Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle says explicitly that one must begin with what is familiar to us, and "the that" or "the fact that" (NE I.1095b2-13). In his hierarchy of arts, he establishes the need to match any good with its ergon : … Aristotle generally makes a distinction of knowables in relationship (a.) In calling happiness an energeia, Aristotle contrasts it with virtue, which he considers to be a hexis, or disposition. ADVERTISEMENTS: The four functions of the polis as started by Aristotle are as follows: According to Aristotle, the end of the happiness is accomplished by living well throughout life as a whole, and living well is a matter of rational activity well performed. II. If we want to understand what something is, it must be understood in terms of that end, which we can discover through careful study. That is a very good question and is understandable only through one of the most fundamental aspects in Aristotle’s thinking. The life of hedonist is a life that enjoys the pleasures of the body (Aristotle, 1967, 1215b1-5).

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